The First Anatomists

Anatomy in the Third Reich: an outline, part 1. National Socialist politics, anatomical institutions, and anatomists.

Although it is known that anatomists working in Germany during the Third Reich have used bodies of victims of the National Socialist (NS) regime for dissection and research, a comprehensive history of the anatomy in the Third Reich has not yet been written. Recent studies of the history of German anatomy departments during this time period provide material for a first outline of the subject mat...

Sphedgehog is expressed by pigment cell precursors during early gastrulation in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.

We have sequenced the Sphedgehog (Sphh) gene from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Sphh transcripts are detected first at the mesenchyme blastula stage, and they accumulate throughout early embryogenesis. The Sphh protein is produced by precursor pigment cells during early and midgastrulation. NiCl2 inhibits pigment cell differentiation in sea urchins. Here, we show that, in S. pur...

Evolution of the paranasal sinuses' anatomy through the ages

Previously, anatomists considered paranasal sinuses as a mysterious region of the human skull. Historically, paranasal sinuses were first identified by ancient Egyptians and later, by Greek physicians. After a long period of no remarkable improvement in the understanding of anatomy during the Middle Ages, anatomists of the Renaissance period-Leonardo da Vinci and Vesalius-made their own contrib...

ASIAN CONGRESS ON VETERINARY ANATOMICAL, HISTOLOGICAL AND CYTOLOGICAL SCIENCES The First Conference of the Asian Association of Veterinary Anatomists PROCEEDINGS

A Rare Bilateral Variation in the Formation of Median Nerve

The median nerve is formed by fusion of lateral (C5-C7) and medial (C8, T1) cords from the brachial plexus. Bilateral variations in the formation of median nerve are very rare. One of such variations was observed during the dissection of the upper limb of approximately a 30-35-year-old man cadaver, according to Grant s method. The median nerve was formed by the union of three roots on both side...

The anatomist Hans Elias: A Jewish German in exile.

Hans Elias (1907 to 1985) was an anatomist, an educator, a mathematician, a cinematographer, a painter, and a sculptor. Above all, he was a German of Jewish descent, who had to leave his home country because of the policies of the National Socialist (NS) regime. He spent his life in exile, first in Italy and then in the United States. His biography is exemplary for a generation of younger expat...